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CCU / Become A Business Coach / Knowledge Base / Organizational
Coaching Organizational Teams
Coaching Organizational Teams

Promoting Dialogue: Indications that Dialogue is Absent

What is dialogue and why is it important to organizational team success?

Dialogue is synergistic conversation in which individuals actively seek a new level of shared understanding based on the blending of divergent points of view. Critical to dialogue is the willingness of participants to observe, learn and accept the influence of others. True dialogue engages people in a process of personal and team transformation which enables them to achieve extraordinary results not possible by any one individual.

Indicators that dialogue is absent in team meetings:

  • Participants have varying degrees of energy, attentiveness, and commitment to the discussion, and this is not explicitly expressed
  • The agenda is pushed or rushed forward without adequate time being allowed for deeper probing of issues
  • Participants present their positions without inviting feedback
  • Participants are careful to not upset others
  • One or more individuals has a strong desire to "win over" others
  • Bullying, personal attacks or other aggressive behaviors are present
  • There is a conspicuous absence of discussion about certain topics, which have been rendered "undiscussable"
  • Consensus building is absent, and issues may be tabled or otherwise left unresolved
  • Arbitrary decisions are made by the group’s leader
  • There are explicit references by group members about the need to be cautious in what they say

Promoting Dialogue: Typical Reasons for the Absence of Dialogue

  • People are reluctant to reveal their true feelings for fear of looking foolish or incompetent

  • Ground rules for communication are not established or are ignored
  • Participants do not have a compelling reason to shift their positions and to engage in collaborative conversations; i.e. external threats, desire for shared vision
  • Organizational cultural norms reinforce dysfunctional patterns of communication, such as appearing to agree in meetings but behaving differently outside of them
  • There is a fear of reprisal for disagreeing openly with others who are perceived to hold greater power
  • Leadership is reluctant to abandon old paradigms of "command and control" and interact with individuals as equal members on the team
  • Short term financial results are prioritized over investment in relationships; focus on team "process" is viewed as inefficient and unproductive
  • Team participants and leaders lack awareness of the skills necessary for dialogue and/or they lack awareness of how their behavior hinders the creation of dialogue
  • Team members lack awareness of their underlying beliefs that limit their ability to influence and be influenced by others
  • The organizational culture rigidly preserves its "sacred cows"; e.g., power and privilege are vested in those with the most senior positions or with the greatest longevity

 

 

Traditional Management Models which Diminish Team Effectiveness



 

1. Belief that the role of senior management is to direct and control
  • The organization’s direction/strategy
  • Lines of authority
  • Standards and consistency
  • Financial performance
  • Product/service development
  • Work processes
  • Employee behavior
  • Rewards and sanctions


    2. Vertical organization structures which emphasize hierarchy and top down communications and which vest power and privilege at the top

    3. Belief that vital organizational information (financial performance, external threats, emerging/new markets) should be available only to those at the top

    4. Over-reliance on principles of extrinsic motivation, which use the "carrot and stick" to control people's thinking and behavior

    5. Organizational "control systems" such as management information systems, finance, personnel, and quality control which monitor employee behavior and feed information to senior management

    6. Compartmentalization of people and work into units, departments, and divisions which work in isolation from each other

    7. Emphasis on increased efficiency, decreased waste and other systemic quality improvements for the achievement of bottom line results

    8. Problem solving strategies which are largely reactive, and fires which threaten bottom line results put out quickly

    9. Belief that incremental improvements will sustain competitiveness

    10. Belief that organizational discontent is unhealthy, threatens efficiency, and must be curtailed

    New Management Models To Enhance Team Effectiveness



    1. Belief that the role of senior management is to foster, support and inspire

    • Continuous learning

    • Realization of individual and organizational potential

    • Deep participation of organizational members

    • Collective responsibility



    2. Horizontal organizational structures which emphasize collaborative networks inside and outside of the organization

    3.Belief that vital organizational information (financial performance, external threats, emerging/new markets) should be available throughout the organization

    4. Assumptions about people based on the principles of self determination, personal integrity and mutual trust

    5. Organizational information systems co-designed by leadership and organizational members which enhance responsiveness to internal and external needs

    6. Cross-functional work teams collaboratively develop performance strategies and share accountability for results

    7. Belief that the need for results must be balanced with the creation of an organizational climate which fosters inter-developmental partnerships

    9. Belief that 'problems present opportunities' for continuous learning and organizational renewal; responses are proactive

    10. Belief that continuous learning and innovation will sustain competitiveness

    11. Belief that organizational discontent is healthy, fosters examination of divergent points of view, and leads to more effective actions

     

     

    Promoting Dialogue: Strategies Leader Coaches Can Employ

    1. Practice being more emotionally expressive, revealing what they feel, value and care about, and evidencing their desire to know others in the same way. (being authentic is probably the single most important thing a leader coach can do to encourage dialogue)
    2. Acknowledge their mistakes. This is a big step for some leader coaches, but is invaluable to fostering a feeling of safety and permission to risk in others
    3. Acknowledge the diversity of people, opinions, skills and experience and make explicit the value of differences to the organization’s success
    4. Be extremely visible and have many one to one conversations with people. People are highly unlikely to fully express themselves with people they do not know and trust. Senior managers are often the least known and trusted because they tend to be so isolated from others in the organization, and this is reinforced by the traditional vertical organizational "structures"
    5. Clarify the ultimate purpose or goal of the team’s discussion and why the input of all participants is central to the overall outcome
    6. Determine what each individual wants to give and to get from the process
    7. Acknowledge each individual’s unique skills, experience and perspective
    8. Make the ground rules for communication explicit. Typical among them are :
      • Adopt a learning attitude
      • Be willing to listen and be influenced
      • Fully express feelings, thoughts, opinions, then invite input
      • Demonstrate respect for the feelings, thoughts, opinions of others
      • Embrace consensus as preferable to individual "wins"
      • Be willing to explore and test areas of disagreement to find common ground
      • Develop shared understanding of key vocabulary
    1. Establish the expectation that conflict and disagreement are natural occurrences and are essential elements in the building of new mental frames; and, ensure that focus, direction and forward movement are maintained to prevent conflict from immobilizing the group
    1. Provide a structure for the examination and testing of points of disagreement, and build new shared understanding by surfacing and re-framing people’s beliefs and assumptions

    Ten Principles which Define Organizational Shared Vision

    1. Is developed in collaborative conversations
    2. Results from new learning accessible only by the group as a whole
    3. Involves the creation of new shared language
    4. Celebrates the natural diversity within the group
    5. Involves a search for the unconventional
    6. Builds upon a driving force or principle
    7. Is rooted in passion and possibility
    8. Involves deepening awareness of self and others
    9. Increases trust
    10. Evolves both individuals and the organization

     

    Coaching Teams for Breakthrough Results

    Much behavior in organizations is based on linear thinking – a vision of the future that is an extension of today’s processes (more, bigger, faster). Organizational members utilize existing knowledge and skills.

    Breakthrough thinking occurs when a future is envisioned that bears no resemblance to the current reality. Organizational members are completely shifted and require new knowledge and skills.

    Leader coaches coach teams to achieve breakthrough results when they:

    • Ask penetrating questions about what would be possible if all constraints were removed and current assumptions were set aside
    • Set outrageous, "impossible", non-negotiable goals, without losing credibility
    • Encourage experimentation with fresh approaches which lead to the creation of new "success formulas"
    • Endorse and reward early successes as a way to build momentum for breakthroughs to occur
    • Recruit the maverick, the gifted, and the overachiever
    • Under-emphasize what the competition is doing. Thinking about the competition leads to linear thinking
    • Remove organizational obstacles to moving projects forward and getting things done
    • Create work environments which encourage casual communication and networking

     

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